The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that sends visual signals to the brain. Retinal diseases in children can impair vision development and lead to lifelong issues if not detected early.

Common Retinal Diseases in Children

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)

• Affects premature babies born before 31 weeks or weighing less than 3.3 lbs.
• Caused by abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina.
• Symptoms: May not be visible, but severe cases can lead to vision loss or blindness.

Retinoblastoma

• A rare cancer of the retina, usually diagnosed before age 5.
• Symptoms: White pupil (leukocoria), crossed eyes, or poor vision.

Congenital Retinal Diseases

• Inherited conditions like Leber congenital amaurosis or Stargardt disease.
• Symptoms: Poor vision from birth, night blindness, or sensitivity to light.

Traumatic Retinal Injuries

• Caused by accidents or injuries (e.g., falls, sports, or sharp objects).
• Symptoms: Sudden vision loss, pain, or floaters.

Signs to Watch For

• White reflex in the pupil (instead of red in photos).
• Crossed or lazy eyes (strabismus).
• Poor tracking of objects or delayed visual development.
• Complaints of blurred or distorted vision.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Regular Eye Exams

• Newborns, especially premature babies, should have early eye screenings.
• Older children should have routine eye exams to detect issues early.

Treatment Options

• Laser therapy or cryotherapy for ROP to stop abnormal blood vessel growth.
• Chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery for retinoblastoma.
• Genetic testing and counseling for inherited retinal diseases.

Prevention Tips

• Protect your child’s eyes during sports or activities with safety goggles.
• Monitor for symptoms and seek immediate medical attention if concerns arise.
• Maintain a healthy pregnancy to reduce the risk of premature birth and ROP.

If you are unsure whether your child’s symptoms require emergency attention, it is safer to call your healthcare provider or eye clinic for advice.

With Pakistan’s internationally trained and most experienced cataract surgeons, corneal transplant surgeons and eye surgeons specializing in every single sub specialty in ophthalmology, The Eye Center – Dr. Mahnaz Naveed Shah & Associates in Karachi provides guidance for both routine and urgent eye care needs. Their team can advise whether you should schedule a screening or seek immediate attention, ensuring safety and comfort. For expert consultation, contact The Eye Center – Dr. Mahnaz Naveed Shah & Associates at 03041119544 to book an appointment.

With a proven track record of excellence in glaucoma and cataract care, Dr. Mahnaz Shah and her team are here to help you protect your child’s vision—with confidence.